Theory of Change is the description of how and why a desired change is expected to occur in a particular context. Theory of Change focuses on how the strategic actions of an organization lead towards the end result of that organization in the form of a change. The long term goal (impact) of the organization is identified first and the necessary conditions (outcome) to occur that change are identified. All these outcomes are mapped out in a framework called the Outcome Framework, which shows how the outcomes are related to the long-term goal. Based on the outcomes which are defined as preconditions for the long term goal to be achieved, interventions and activities are designed. The framework lays out strategic actions that will yield targeted outcomes. The targeted outcomes need to be;
- Plausible
- Doable
- Testable
- Meaningful
Theory of Change shows a precise link between the strategic actions and the goal of the organization. It increases the ability and capacity of the social change organization to act strategically and achieve its goal by increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of the organization. It helps in better planning, monitoring and evaluation of the organization as it shows what to evaluate and at which stage to evaluate. It becomes clear that how these activities can lead towards achieving the long term goal and it also becomes possible to measure the progress beyond the output. The evidence-based approach of Theory of Change makes it more reliable and attractive for both organizations and the funders of the social change organizations.